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Tuesday, June 24, 2025

Statology

How to Calculate Expected Value of X^2

For a random variable, denoted as X, you can use the following formula to calculate the expected value of X2: E(X2) = Σx2 * p(x) where: Σ:...

How to Calculate Sxx in Statistics (With Example)

In statistics, Sxx represents the sum of squared deviations from the mean value of x. This value is often calculated when fitting a simple linear...

How to Interpret a P-Value Less Than 0.001 (With Examples)

A hypothesis test is used to test whether or not some assumption about a population parameter is true. Whenever we perform a hypothesis test, we...

How to Interpret a Curved Residual Plot (With Example)

Residual plots are used to assess whether or not the residuals in a regression model are normally distributed and whether or not they exhibit...

When to Use s / sqrt(n) in Statistics

In statistics, you will encounter the formula s/√n in different scenarios. This formula is used to calculate the standard error of a sample mean. In the formula,...

How to Drop Multiple Columns Using dplyr (With Examples)

You can use one of the following methods to drop multiple columns from a data frame in R using the dplyr package: 1. Drop Multiple...

How to Calculate Degrees of Freedom for Any T-Test

In statistics, there are three commonly used t-tests: One Sample t-test: Used to compare a population mean to some value. Two Sample t-test: Used to compare...

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